开始之前 请确保你熟悉魔方符号。知道 R、U' 或 F2 的含义至关重要！ Know your cube before the first turn Take 30 seconds to understand the puzzle. Most cubes use the standard “BOY” colour scheme: Red is opposite Orange, Blue is opposite Green, Yellow is opposite White. The biggest shift in thinking: don't look at the 54 stickers — look at 26 little blocks (“cubies”) — 12 edges, 8 corners, 6 centres. The colours on any one cubie are fixed and can never be separated, and the 6 centres never move relative to each other, so each centre alone decides the final colour of its whole face. As Dan Harris notes, with a Red centre opposite an Orange centre it is “a waste of time attempting to build a Red face next to an Orange face, because the centres are fixed.” Learn your colour scheme by heart The best early investment is memorising how the colours sit around the cube — not just which are opposite, but the full order. Harris describes his own mental map: “if I have Red facing me, then Green is on the R-face, Blue is on the L-face, and Orange is on the B-face.” Once this is automatic your brain is freed to plan moves instead of re-checking colours, which speeds up every step. The whole solve in one glance You'll build the cube one layer at a time, from the bottom up. Steps 1–2 solve the first layer (a white cross, then the white corners). Step 3 fills the middle layer. Steps 4–7 finish the last layer with four moves of their own logic: make the yellow cross, line its edges up, position the corners, then twist them home. The deeper you go, the less room you have to improvise — so early steps lean on intuition and later ones on short, memorised algorithms that protect everything you've already solved. That trade — freedom early, safety late — is the whole idea of the layer-by-layer method.

1

第 1 步，共 7 步 第 1 步：白色十字 目标是在顶面拼出一个白色十字。每个白色棱块还必须与其相邻侧面的中心颜色匹配。

Goal: a white plus on the top face whose side colours match the centres next to them. Hold: white centre up, and keep it there through Steps 1–2.

找到一个白色棱块并将它移到顶层。确保该棱块的侧面颜色与它旁边的中心块匹配。

这一步没有单一的算法——它需要直觉。慢慢来，多尝试！

提示 先把白色中心放在顶部。先在底层或中层寻找白色棱块——它们通常最容易移到上面。 When you're ready to get faster: cross on the bottom It's natural to build the white cross on top where you can see it — but once you're comfortable, train yourself to build it on the bottom face. Harris is blunt: “If your current method is to make a cross on the top face, and then turn the cube upside down… I recommend that you get out of this habit immediately.” It saves you flipping the whole cube mid-solve, and with the cross underneath you can look ahead and start hunting your next pieces while your hands finish the cross. Going further: the cross is shorter than you think Computer analysis by champion Lars Vandenbergh found that every possible cross can be solved in 8 moves or fewer — over 99.9% in 7 or fewer, most in just 5–6. So if a cross takes a dozen turns, look for a shorter path. A useful idea once you're past the basics is relative position: you don't have to match each edge to its centre one at a time. Place the Red/White edge opposite the Orange/White edge and Blue/White opposite Green/White (correct relative to each other, even if rotated as a group), and a single D turn at the end snaps all four into place. Checkpoint — your cube should now look like this Look at the top face: four white edges form a plus sign. Turn the cube and check each side — every white edge's side colour lines up with that face's centre, making a small T on all four sides. Common mistake Making a white flower (all four white edges up) but not matching the side centres. Each edge must match its neighbouring centre, or the cross is only half right. Stuck? Try this Placing one edge keeps knocking another out? Solve them one at a time — bring the new edge up without disturbing the finished ones, or briefly drop a solved edge, place the new one, then restore it.

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第 2 步，共 7 步 第 2 步：白色角块 现在我们通过还原四个白色角块来完成第一层。每个角块有三种颜色——白色加上两种必须与相邻中心匹配的侧面颜色。

Goal: a fully solid white face — the whole first layer done. Hold: white still up; work each corner at the front-right.

在底层找到一个白色角块。转动底层（D），直到该角块正好位于它应在位置的下方——侧面颜色应与对应的中心块对齐。握住魔方使目标角块位于前-右-下位置。

应用算法之前，确保角块的非白色面与它旁边的中心匹配。这种对齐至关重要——如果角块在错误的槽位下方，算法将无法生效。

白色朝右 R'D'R 白色朝向你 FDF' 白色朝下 R'D2RDR'D'R 别慌！ 在重复过程中魔方看起来会很乱——这完全正常！继续做下去，角块就会归位。 提示 如果一个白色角块已经在顶层但位置错误或扭转方向不对，用相同的算法执行一次把它弹到底层，然后正确地重新插入。 Checkpoint — your cube should now look like this The entire white face is solid and the first layer is complete. Each side now shows two matching rows from the top, forming an upside-down T of its colour. Common mistake A corner sits in the right place but twisted (white facing sideways instead of up). Pull it out and re-insert it so white ends on top. Stuck? Try this A white corner stuck in the bottom, or in the top facing wrong? Put it under its target slot (or at front-right-top) and repeat R' D' R D until it drops in with white up — at most a few tries.

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第 3 步，共 7 步 第 3 步：中层 翻转你的魔方 把魔方上下翻转，使白色面在底部，黄色面在顶部。从现在起，在接下来的还原过程中黄色始终在顶部！ 白色层完成后，是时候还原中层了——即夹在顶层和底层之间的四个棱块。这些棱块上没有黄色。

查看顶层的四个棱块。你要找的是任意一个两侧都没有黄色贴纸的棱块。如果某个棱块上有黄色，跳过它——那个属于最后一层，我们稍后再处理。

找到一个不含黄色的棱块后，转动顶层（U 转动），直到该棱块朝向正面的颜色与正下方的中心块匹配。你会看到形成一个 T 形——这表明它已就位。现在看该棱块的顶部颜色：它匹配右侧的中心还是左侧的中心？这会告诉你该用哪个算法。

棱块向右 → 顶部颜色匹配右侧中心。

URU'R'U'F'UF ← 棱块向左 顶部颜色匹配左侧中心。

U'L'ULUFU'F' 如果棱块卡住了怎么办？ 有时一个棱块已经在中层但翻转了——颜色被互换了（例如，红色在绿色面上，绿色在红色面上）。要修正它，只需把翻转的棱块放在前-右位置并执行任一算法。插入棱块的同一个算法也能修正翻转的棱块！下面是一个前-右棱块翻转的示例： 提示 对全部四个中层棱块重复这一过程。每次都会更快——到第四个棱块时，你几乎不用思考了！ Checkpoint — your cube should now look like this Two full layers are solved. With yellow on top, every side face shows two solid rows rising from the bottom. Only the yellow layer is still scrambled. Common mistake Trying to insert an edge that has a yellow sticker. Yellow edges belong in the last layer — only insert the edges with no yellow.

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第 4 步，共 7 步 第 4 步：黄色十字 现在看顶面（黄色面）。你会看到三种图案之一：一个点（顶部没有黄色棱）、一个 L 形（两个黄色棱形成一个直角）或一条线（两个黄色棱成一条直线）。

Read the top: which of the three shapes do you have? Look straight down at the yellow face and count the yellow edges (ignore the corners for now). Because edges can only ever flip in pairs, you will see exactly 0, 2, or 4 yellow edges — never 1 or 3. That leaves just three cases:

Dot — no yellow edges L — two adjacent edges Line — two opposite edges From a dot, one application of the algorithm gives you an L or a line; re-hold as shown and apply it again to complete the cross. If you ever see a single yellow edge, the cube was taken apart and rebuilt wrong — that state is physically impossible from real turns.

应用此算法逐步推进：点 → L 形 → 线 → 十字。你可能需要重复最多 3 次。

对于 L 形：握住魔方使两个黄色棱指向后方和左方（像左上角一个反向的“L”）。对于线：水平握住它（左右方向）。

FRUR'U'F' 提示 Why it works: the “F-sandwich” F R U R' U' F' reaches in, flips a set of top edges, and tucks the layer back — each pass flips edges toward yellow-up without disturbing the two layers below. You're orienting the edges now and positioning them next; this method always handles orientation and position as separate jobs. Checkpoint — your cube should now look like this A yellow plus sign on the top face. The corners can still be any colour — that's expected. Watch the shape grow: dot → L → line → cross. Common mistake Holding the L or line in the wrong position before the algorithm. Hold the line horizontal; hold the L so its two yellow edges point to the top-left (9 and 12 o'clock). Stuck? Try this Only a single dot? Run F R U R' U' F' once to reach the L or line, re-orient as above, then run it again to complete the cross.

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第 5 步，共 7 步 第 5 步：对齐黄色十字棱块 你现在有了一个黄色十字，但黄色棱块的侧面颜色可能还没有与中心匹配。转动顶层（U），直到至少有两个棱块与它们的中心颜色匹配。

如果两个相邻棱块匹配：握住魔方使这两个匹配的棱块位于后方和右方。如果两个相对棱块匹配：握住魔方使一个匹配的棱块朝向你。然后应用算法。如有需要重复。

RUR'URU2R' Checkpoint — your cube should now look like this All four yellow edges now match their side centres — each side shows one matching vertical bar from the bottom all the way to the top edge. Only the corners remain. Common mistake Turning the whole cube to line up edges instead of just the U layer, or running the swap with the two already-correct edges in the wrong spot. Stuck? Try this The two edges that need swapping are opposite each other? Run the algorithm once to turn it into an adjacent swap, then position and run it again.

6

第 6 步，共 7 步 第 6 步：摆放黄色角块 现在我们把黄色角块移到正确的位置。当角块上的三种颜色与它周围的三个中心匹配时，它就处于正确位置——即使该角块的扭转方向不对。

找到一个处于正确位置的角块并将它放在前-右-上。如果没有正确的，从任意角度应用一次算法——这会产生一个正确的角块。然后把那个角块放在前-右并重复。

URU'L'UR'U'L Checkpoint — your cube should now look like this Every yellow corner is in its correct location (its three colours belong to the three faces it touches), even if not yet twisted right. Usually at least one corner is already correct — keep it at front-right as your anchor. Common mistake Running the cycle without first finding a correctly-placed corner to hold, so the corners just shuffle. Always anchor the solved corner at front-right. Stuck? Try this No corner is in the right place? Run the corner-cycle algorithm once from any angle — that guarantees at least one becomes correct. Then hold it and repeat.

7

第 7 步，共 7 步 第 7 步：调整黄色角块朝向 这是最后一步！角块已在正确位置但可能扭转了方向。我们将使用第 2 步中相同的算法逐个修正它们。

关键 关键：在还原每个角块之间，只转动顶层（U）以将下一个未还原的角块带到前-右位置。不要翻转整个魔方——它看起来会像是你把魔方的其余部分弄乱了，但请相信这个过程！最后一切都会归位。 握住魔方使一个未还原（扭转）的角块位于前-右-上。重复下面的算法，直到该角块的黄色贴纸朝上。然后只转动 U 把下一个未还原的角块带到前-右，并重复。

R'D'RD 提示 Why the cube “heals” itself: R' D' R D only permanently twists the corner at the front-right; everything else it disturbs is put back by the time you've twisted every corner. There's a law of the cube behind this — the corners' twists must always add up to a whole number of full turns — so once each corner finally reads yellow-up, the first two layers are guaranteed to be back. The mess you see mid-step is real but temporary. Keep going. Checkpoint — your cube should now look like this The cube is solved — all six faces are a single solid colour. 🎉 Common mistake Rotating the whole cube between corners. Keep the cube fixed (yellow on top) and bring each unsolved corner to front-right-top with U turns only. Stuck? Try this Mid-step the cube looks scrambled — don't panic, this is normal. Keep doing R' D' R D on the front-right corner until its yellow faces up, turn U to the next corner, and it all comes back together. 恭喜！ 你已经还原了魔方！

With practice this method settles around 45–60 seconds. When you want to go faster, the CFOP (Fridrich) method is the next door — same first two layers, a smarter last layer.

开始为你的还原计时 Why this actually works (the quiet maths) A Rubik's Cube has 43,252,003,274,489,856,000 possible states — about 43 quintillion — and exactly one of them is solved. The number comes from counting the pieces independently (8 corners and 12 edges, each arrangeable and each twistable or flippable), then dividing by 12 for three “laws of the cube”: you can never swap just one pair of pieces, never twist a single corner alone, and never flip a single edge alone.

Yet however badly it's scrambled, every cube can be solved in at most 20 turns — a fact cubers call God's Number. Your beginner solve will use far more than 20, and that's fine: this method trades a short solution for one you can actually remember.

Those same three laws are why the long last-layer algorithms only ever move three pieces at a time (a “3-cycle”) or twist them in balanced sets — and why you only need to learn one cycle: run the algorithm you know twice and you get the opposite case for free. Nothing on the cube can move alone, and that constraint is exactly what makes it solvable. See the notation guide and the history & maths of the cube to go deeper.

继续你的旅程 学习 CFOP 过渡到 Fridrich 方法以实现更快还原 试试 2x2 把你的技巧应用到口袋魔方上